Now that there is proper context, it makes sense that water could not have condensed in the inner solar system, simply because it was too hot and the water would have vaporized. However, there is no problem with water condensing in the outer solar system. Here lies the basis of the water-comet theory: When the solar system was still early in its age and gravitational interactions were forcing collisions between bodies, an H2O-abundant comet reached Earth and crossed its orbital path, thus colliding with it. It also could have been multiple asteroids that delivered the goods, but regardless, the result is the same and the reasoning is sound. The purpose of this post is this: recently, new evidence for asteroids carrying water in other star systems has solidified the theory's ideas. "In observations obtained at the William Herschel Telescope in the Canary Islands, the University of Warwick astronomers detected a large quantity of hydrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere of a white dwarf (known as SDSS J1242+5226). The quantities found provide the evidence that a water-rich exo-asteroid was disrupted and eventually delivered the water it contained onto the star." This is profound because it proves that other systems also have asteroids that carry high volumes of water, and it most likely isn't a single case!
Showing posts with label planets. Show all posts
Showing posts with label planets. Show all posts
Thursday, May 7, 2015
Water on Earth: Asteroids!?
There has always been much speculation over how Earth has always contained water. However, there is definitely a scientific truth: During the formation of the solar system, scientists know that the space was mostly permeated by hydrogen gas. When the Sun was forming, it generated a lot of heat, and this resulted in spherical distributions of temperature ranging from extremely hot to extremely cold, as a function of radius. Because of this, scientists can define boundaries where metals, rocks, ice and water could condense out of the hydrogen gas at certain temperatures! This is why, at present day, we can see how the inner solar system is composed of solely rocky planets, and past the asteroid belt in the outer solar system, there are jovian planets which are all mostly gas.
Tuesday, May 5, 2015
Snapshot! HL Tau offers insight into planetary formation
Ever wondered about how the solar system came to be? Of course, there are plenty of existing explanations, but there has never been direct evidence of another planetary system forming in a proto-planetary disk. Well that information drought has quite possibly come to a close. An image taken by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile has triggered a wide channel of discussion because that very image seems to resemble, what astrophysicists at the University of Toronto claim to be, a forming planetary system. That system was catalogued as HL Tau, and it is the first image of its kind to be a candidate for a proto-planetary disk in action. The reason why there is so much debate about the image is because some scientists view the gaps as too close together, meaning that the gravitational force between the bodies would have ejected the planets from the system earlier on. However, the research team led by Daniel Tamayo strongly suggest that this is not the case. They argue that the mechanism responsible for the close gaps is called special resonant configuration. This resonance implies that the planets have "specific orbital periods" because of the gravitational interactions with each other and thus avoid direct collisions. He has also created two videos with the distinct resonant and non-resonant situations, and showed how the resonant system is naturally stable and would be the most likely case. HL Tau is a relatively young system, so it is predicted that over billions of years, the planets in the system will be ejected or take extreme elliptical orbits around the host star. Regardless, HL Tau will yield fascinating clues in aiding us understand whether our solar system is a typical one for hosting life. For more information: http://phys.org/news/2015-05-astrophysicists-proof-famous-image-planets.html
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